CTF Writeup

DAY 3

CyberStudents Day 3 challenge performing DNS chain reconnaissance to discover hidden subdomains and extract flag data from DNS records.

Here is the challenge description: Image

1️⃣ DMARC Record Leak

dig TXT _dmarc.krampus.csd.lol

DMARC revealed:

ruf=mailto:forensics@ops.krampus.csd.lol

→ Hidden subdomains discovered:

  • ops.krampus.csd.lol
  • forensics.ops.krampus.csd.lol

2️⃣ ops.krampus.csd.lol TXT Record

internal-services: _ldap._tcp.krampus.csd.lol _kerberos._tcp.krampus.csd.lol _metrics._tcp.krampus.csd.lol

→ Indicates Active Directory / Kerberos / internal monitoring.

3️⃣ SRV Records

dig SRV _metrics._tcp.krampus.csd.lol

Returned:

beacon.krampus.csd.lol:443

This is likely the C2 server.

4️⃣ Beacon TXT Record

dig TXT beacon.krampus.csd.lol

Output:

config=ZXhmaWwua3JhbXB1cy5jc2QubG9s==

Decode Base64:

exfil.krampus.csd.lol

5️⃣ exfil TXT Record

selector=syndicate

→ Indicates the DKIM selector.

6️⃣ DKIM TXT Record

dig syndicate._domainkey.krampus.csd.lol TXT

Returned Base64:

Y3Nke2RuNV9tMTlIVF9CM19LMU5ENF9XME5LeX0=

Decoded:

csd{dn5_m19HT_B3_K1ND4_W0NKy}

Final Flag

csd{dn5_m19HT_B3_K1ND4_W0NKy}

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DNS Chain Summary

krampus.csd.lol
└─> _dmarc (ruf field)
└─> ops.krampus.csd.lol
└─> _metrics._tcp SRV
└─> beacon.krampus.csd.lol
└─> config (base64)
└─> exfil.krampus.csd.lol
└─> DKIM selector
└─> syndicate._domainkey (FLAG!)